INDIANAPOLIS — Summer is over, which means flu season is not far away.
October usually marks the beginning of a typical flu season. So far, activity in Indiana is minimal, according to the Indiana Department of Health.
Tom Duszynski, clinical assistant professor and epidemiologist at the Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health at Indiana University, said we are expecting a normal flu season at this point.
"Our best recommendation is to get vaccinated early because it can take up to two weeks for that vaccine to be fully effective in you before you get exposed," Duszynski said. "The vaccine is already made, so we're hoping it's going to be a good match with what the virus is circulating right now, but you just don't want to wait too long because the longer you wait, your chances of being exposed go up."
How is the flu caused?
Flu and the common cold are both contagious respiratory illnesses, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), but they're caused by different viruses.
"Flu is caused by influenza viruses only, whereas the common cold can be caused by a number of different viruses, including rhinoviruses, parainfluenza, and seasonal coronaviruses," the CDC said. "Seasonal coronaviruses should not be confused with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19."
How do you know whether you have a cold or the flu?
Doctors say a cold comes on a little slower and the symptoms gradually build. Common symptoms include a stuffy noise, sore throat and sneezing. You may have a mild to moderate cough and feel weak and tired. A fever is rare with a cold and aches, and chills are uncommon.
The flu comes on abruptly and commonly includes a headache, chest discomfort and cough. Flu symptoms usually include fever, aches and chills, and fatigue. A stuffy noise, sore throat and sneezing are sometimes associated with flu.
"Of course, if you're experiencing problems breathing, wheezing, where your your lips may be turning blue, it's time to get to the doctor," Duszynski said. "Call 911 or see an emergency room right away."